Introduction

As a maritime nation, the sea is Singapore's lifeblood and connects us to the world. The Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN)'s Maritime Security Command/Maritime Security Taskforce is the first line of defence to safeguard Singapore's maritime security 24/7. The RSN's Littoral Mission Vessels (LMVs), in the 182 Squadron, are at the forefront of this effort. Alongside other maritime security agencies, they conduct daily operational patrols and respond to maritime threats to Singapore.

Designed and built locally, the LMVs push the boundaries of engineering and design to deliver a more capable, faster and mission-flexible ship with better seakeeping and endurance. The LMVs are equipped with smarter technology and sharper capabilities to enable the RSN to operate more efficiently and effectively, while being manned by a leaner crew. This is made possible through the harnessing of technology, streamlining of work processes and rethinking operating concepts. An example is the co-location of the Bridge, Combat Information Centre and Machinery Control Room at the Integrated Command Centre (ICC). The ICC integrates and synergises the management of navigation, engineering and combat functions to achieve greater operational effectiveness for maritime security operations.

Operationalisation of a LMV

System Trials. Each LMV is put through the paces and is taken through a comprehensive operationalisation process. Thorough tests and validations of the following systems are undertaken.

1. Ship Platform Systems. This includes the testing of all platform systems, from essential systems like the ship's propulsion system and power generation system^[1], systems that support navigation like the navigation radar, Global Positioning System and Maritime Mobile Service communication, to systems that facilitate automation on the ship like the Integrated Bridge and Platform Management Systems^[2], Launch and Recovery System for the Rigid Hull Boats and Fire-Fighting Systems. The first round of testing is done ashore. Only when the crew is assured that ship systems are able to conduct manoeuvres and navigate safely, and handle emergency situations at sea, is the LMV then put to test at sea.
    
2. Combat Systems - Sensors and Weapons. The LMV's combat systems are first individually tested on their functions ashore. The combat systems range from weapons, sensors and communication systems, to the indigenously developed systems for automation and sense-making, such as the Integrated Platform Management Systems and Combat Management System^[3]. Thereafter, Installation Checkout Integration Testing is conducted for the various combat systems from different suppliers, where DSTA engineers integrate the systems so that systems can operate together seamlessly. The functionality of the systems, as a whole, are then validated at sea.

Crew Training. The crew undergo training, first as individual operators and later as part of a team. Besides learning about the intricacies of operating the systems, the crew also train together in the conduct of various maritime security operations. Training is conducted via theory lessons, simulation lessons at RSS Daring - the LMV Simulation Centre, and sailing sorties on the LMVs.

Conclusion

The LMV project started nine years ago in 2010, and is jointly developed by the RSN and the Defence Science and Technology Agency (DSTA). The Independence-class LMVs are constructed by Singapore Technologies Engineering Ltd's subsidiary, ST Marine.

The first-of-class, RSS Independence, was commissioned on 5 May 2017 by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong as part of the RSN's Golden Jubilee. Since then, RSS Sovereignty, RSS Unity, RSS Justice and RSS Indomitable have also entered operational service. The commissioning of the last three LMVs is a significant milestone as it marks the operationalisation of all eight LMVs to the squadron. They will further strengthen the seaward defence of Singapore and the RSN's ability to protect our sea lines of communication and way of life.